Sample Payout Diagram
Legs
- Buy Call, Strike A, for Near Expiration
- Sell Call, Strike B, for Far Expiration
Strategy Description
The Diagonal Call Spread is an advanced strategy that resembles the Calendar Call Spread
in a sense because you are buying a call in one expiration and selling in another. In this case, you'd be buying and selling on different strikes as well, thus "diagonal".
In the example we're using, you'd be buying an at-the-money call in the near-term expiration (strike A) and selling an out-of-the-money call for the far-term expiration (strike B).
Ideally, you would try to establish the strategy for a net credit, but it is dependent upon the strikes you use and the time value of the options.
An Example
Let's say you buy a call for at the $100 at-the-money strike for $2, and it has 30 days to go until expiration. Also, you sell a call for $3 on the $105 strike that has
60 days to go until expiration, so you bring in a net credit of $1. If the stock increases to $105 by the end of the first 30 days, the option that you purchased in the near-term
is now worth $5 (and you bought it for $2). The far-term option would be expected to lose some time value or experience a decrease in implied volatility that offsets the
gain in stock price. Let's assume the far-term option remains $3. Then the strategy that originally brought in a $1 credit can be closed out for a profit. You would
sell the near-term option for $5 (profiting $3 from the original $2) and you would buy back the far-term option for $3 (breaking even from the $3 you sold it for initially).
As a whole, you'd profit $3 on this example.
When to Use It
You would use this strategy if you feel the stock price has a good chance to drift higher during the first expiration and settle
near the higher strike (that you're selling, strike B). You would also be expecting the far-term expiration's implied volatility to
decrease as the stock drifts higher, so the gain in stock price is offset by a lower implied volatility and a lower time value in the
far-term option.
Break-Even Points at Expiration
The break-even is dependend upon several variables, because the far-term option is still active at the time of the near-term expiration. You can approximate
the break-even points based on time decay, implied volatility, and stock price movement, but choosing an exact break-even point is not an essential feature
of this strategy.
Max Gain
The potential maximum gain is achieved if the stock price at expiration is near the higher strike, and your long option in the near-term gains value
but the short option in the far-term loses time value and volatility.
Max Loss
The maximum loss is not easy to determine because the value of the short option in the far-term would be unknown when the near-term option expires.
